CENTRE COMMERCIAL PARLY 2
Avenue du Charles du Gaulle and Route du St.-Germaine
Commune of Le Chesnay (Department of Yvelines), France


One of the first United States-style shopping malls on the continent of Europe was built on a 50-acre plot, situated 10.3 miles southwest of centre city Paris, in the commune of Le Chesnay ["Luh shuh-nay"]. The retail hub was a component of a 7,500-unit development, known as Parly 2, which was built between 1967 and 1978. The mall's tentative name, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, had been changed to PARLY 2 by the time of its completion.

Envisaged by Robert de Balkany and Jean-Louis Solal, the PARLY 2 development and shopping complex were built under the auspices of La Societe des Centres Commerciaux (SCC), of Paris. The mall was designed by New York City's Lathrop Douglass and Paris' Claude Balick. Douglass had conceptualized several iconic malls in the United States. A listing would include Yonkers, New York's CROSS COUNTY CENTER (1954), Montgomery County, Maryland's WHEATON PLAZA (1960) and Fairfax County, Virginia's TYSONS CORNER CENTER (1968).

CENTRE COMMERCIAL PARLY 2 was officially dedicated on November 4, 1969. Attending the grand opening ceremony were local politicians, such as Jean-Paul Palewski, and fashion designer Coco Chanel. The mall was a fully-enclosed structure of approximately 712,500 leasable square feet. There were two anchor department stores; a 3-level (143,500 square foot), Paris-based Au Printemps and 3-level (108,500 square foot), Paris-based Bazar de l'Hotel de Ville, a.k.a. BHV.

Among the 100 charter tenants were Christian Dior, Jourdan, Lanvin, Lenotre, Hediard, Nivernaise Butchers, Miss Franc and a Publicis drug store. Junior anchors were a 1-level (22,000 square foot) Suma supermarket and 2-level (43,600 square foot) Prisunic variety store and grocery. There was also 55,000 square feet of leased office space on an upper floor.

The 2-level shopping concourse was done in a late '60s Deco Avante-Garde motif, with marble floors, fountains, artificial foliage and little natural lighting. The building was also partially surrounded by a 2-level parking deck, with accommodations for 3,000 autos.

Other suburban-style shopping malls were built in the Parisienne suburbs. These included VELIZY 2 (1972) {5.7 miles southeast, in Velizy-Villacoublay} and ROSNY 2 (1975) {16.8 miles northeast, in Rosny-Sous-Bois}.

In the mid-1980s, a joint venture was established. The Progemo Company and Sari Company, two Paris-based real estate firms, joined forces with Great Britain's Norwich Union Insurance Company. A parcel of land south of the PARLY 2 mall was acquired. A mall expansion got underway in 1986. 439,700 leasable square feet, and eighty-seven stores, were added. A single-level, Y-shaped shopping concourse was built, which crossed over Avenue du Docteure Albert Schweitzer. The thoroughfare was routed through a tunnel for the mall extension. 

The new South Wing was dedicated in October 1987. It had 3 levels. The first floor housed a parking garage. The second contained the Y-shaped mall. Level 3 consisted of a rooftop parking deck and two blocks of retail stores. The additional facilities expanded the mall's parking capacity to nearly 5,000 autos.

Stores opened as part of the 1987 extension included C & A (an apparel chain), fnac (selling electronics & appliances), Habitat (carrying home furnishings) and Truffault (dealing in outdoor and gardening accouterments). PARLY 2 now spanned approximately 1,151,700 leasable square feet and housed 182 stores and services.

Ownership of the mall had changed by the mid-1990s. Norwich Insurance bought out the Sari interest and established 90 percent ownership of the South Wing. In 1994, Norwich divested its real estate holdings and sold its share of the shopping center to the Abu Dhabi Investment Fund. Meanwhile, the circa-1969 section of the mall was acquired by Amsterdam's Rodamco in 1995. 

Toys "R" Us opened their 34th store on French soil, at PARLY 2, on October 21, 2006. By this time, the Place du Marche food court had been installed on Level 3 of the South Wing.

Rodamco merged with Unibail, a Paris-based retail real estate company, in June 2007, forming a new entity known as Unibail-Rodamco. By this time, PARLY 2 was in need of a renovation in order to stay competitive. The mall's dual ownership required its owners to sign a pact to co-ordinate and expedite the redevelopment.   

A 200 million Euro (235 million US dollar) expansion and renovation of the mall was envisaged, which got underway in 2010. The five-phase project started with a face lift of the circa-1969 structure, using a "Sixties Chic" motif. Phase 2 involved renovating, replacing and expanding parking garages and decks. 2,000 new spaces were created.

Next came a refurbishment of the circa-1987 South Wing. With this completed, work began at the northeast corner of the complex in March 2016. A parking garage was demolished. A 16-store addition, known as Pont-Neuf (or "New Bridge"), was built, linking the East (BHV) Court and east end of the South Wing. 

In all, 37,700 square feet -and sixteen stores- were added. The Pont-Neuf section was completed in November 2017. New "signs" (stores) in the mall included Jott, Armani Exchange, Rituals and New Balance. The complex now encompassed approximately 1,259,400 leasable square feet and contained 190 stores and services. 

The final phase of the mall's metamorphosis involved reconstruction and expansion at the northwest corner. The parking deck 5-plex cinema was shuttered in June 2014. It was replaced with the state-of-the-art UGC Cine' Cite'. This 12-screen megaplex, incorporated into a new parking structure, opened for business on June 26, 2019. The official location of the PARLY 2 mall had changed in January. Two adjacent communes merged into a single entity known as Le Chesnay-Rocquencort.   

Sources:

The Tampa Tribune
http://www.parly2.com (website on Internet Archive Wayback Machine)
https://fr-westfield-com
http://www.immoweek.frwww.scc.fr / Ingrid Nappi-Choulet
http://archives.nicematin.com
https://www.lsa-conso.fr / LSA Commerce & Consommation
La Societe des Centres Commerciaux

www.unibail-rodamco.com
www.yveslineradio.com
https://laboratoireurbanismeinsurrectionnel.blogspot.com
http://www.bdp.com (BDP Company)
https://parly2-extension.fr
https://business-wishibam-com
https://www-leparisien-fr.
https://englos.aushopping.com/fr
https://www.imediacenter.com
https://wwd.com
https://www.scrapehero.com
https://www.lineaires.com
https://www.fotw.info
https://mall--center-shopping
https://www.company-histories.com
https://www.urw.com (official Westfield Parly 2 website)
"Parly 2" article on Wikipedia "L'encyclopedie libre"
London's Brent Cross Centre


The original trademark for London's North West End shopping mall. When opened, in March 1976, it was heralded as "Britain's out-of-town shopping revolution." 
Graphic from Hammersmith Properties & Investment Trust

Due to intense public opposition, Great Britain did not have a US-style, suburban shopping mall until the mid-1970s. BRENT CROSS CENTRE was the nation's first. 
Photo from http://www.brentcrosslondon.co.uk / Brent Cross Shopping Centre


In an early 1976 snapshot, we see a nameplate being attached to the up-and-coming John Lewis anchor store. It was to comprise 3 levels and include a balcony Wine Bar, in-store restaurant and Rooftop Garden.
Photo from http://www.johnlewismemorystore.org.uk / Jonathan Blachford


On the opposite end of the dumbell plan mall stood a Fenwick ["Fin-ik"] department store. Also housing 3 levels, it featured a beauty salon and Window of the World restaurant. At the time of its completion, the BRENT CROSS Fenwick was the second-largest store in the chain.
Photo from https://www.fenwick.co.uk / Fenwick, Limited

London-based John Lewis opened its first store in 1864. The BRENT CROSS location began trading to the public as part of the mall's March 1976 grand opening. A rebranding -to John Lewis & Partners- was conducted in September 2018. In the mid-2020s, there were thirty-four stores in operation in the United Kingdom. 
Graphic from http://www.johnlewis.com / John Lewis & Partners


Newcastle-based Fenwick began business in 1882. Like John Lewis, the BRENT CROSS Fenwick opened along with the mall. In the mid-2020s, there were nine Fenwick stores in Great Britain. 
Graphic from http://www.fenwick.co.uk / Fenwick, Limited

London-based Marks & Spencer (a.k.a. "M & S" or "Marks & Sparks") opened a store at BRENT CROSS CENTRE in 1976. The chain had started in Leeds in 1884. In the mid-2020s, there were 1,053 stores in operation in the United Kingdom (904 of these in Great Britain). There were also 434 M & S stores in fourteen nations around the globe.
Graphic from http://www.marksandspencer.com / Marks & Spencer Propriety Limited Company

A site plan of the shiny-new BRENT CROSS CENTRE. It encompassed 799,900 lettable square feet and seventy-five shops. The parking area accommodated 3,500 autos. The mall's Upper Ground Floor (or second level) is depicted in this drawing. 


A vintage view of the Central Court, fountain and water garden. The dome overhead was decorated with coloured glass inserts. It was sealed from the outside, with no windows. In fact, the original mall had little -if any- natural lighting. 
Photo from Brent Cross Centre_https://www.vice.com / Vice Media Group


Another vintage view of Central Court. The Marks & Spencer mall entry is seen on the second level.
Photo from Brent Cross Centre_https://www.vice.com / Vice Media Group


Here, we see the first and second level Fenwick mall entrances.  
Photo from Brent Cross Centre_https://www.vice.com / Vice Media Group


A Waitrose supermarket occupies second level space, with the grocery being adjacent to the rear side of the Fenwick department store. The original Waitrose court -seen here- included a children's play area
Photo from Brent Cross Centre_https://www.vice.com / Vice Media Group

The shopping precinct was enlarged in the mid-'90s. The fountain and water garden were removed and mallway roofs opened to the heavens with a series of skylights. An addition, taking the place of a circa-1985 car park, was built onto the north side of the mall. A new car park was also constructed. BRENT CROSS CENTRE now spanned 897,700 lettable square feet and contained 110 tenant spaces. There was now free parking for 7,600 autos.